Identification
Anopheles freeborni mosquitoes, commonly known as the western malaria mosquito, measure about 1/4 inch in length. They have a slender, dark brown body with pale bands on their wings. Their long legs and proboscis are adapted for feeding, and they rest with their bodies angled upward.
Lifecycle & Reproduction
Anopheles freeborni undergo complete metamorphosis, progressing through egg, larva, pupa, and adult stages. Females lay eggs individually on the surface of stagnant water. Eggs hatch within 2 to 3 days, and larvae develop into pupae within a week. Adults emerge in 10 to 14 days, with females requiring a blood meal before laying eggs.
Habits, Diet & Behavior
These mosquitoes are nocturnal feeders, preferring to bite at night. Female Anopheles freeborni mosquitoes feed on human and animal blood, while males consume nectar. They are known vectors of malaria, although malaria transmission is rare in the U.S. due to modern control efforts.
Where You’ll Find Them / Typical Locations
Anopheles freeborni mosquitoes are commonly found in:
- Stagnant water sources, such as ponds, marshes, and ditches
- Rice fields and flooded areas
- Shaded vegetation near water bodies
- Indoors, particularly in poorly screened homes
- Rural and agricultural regions with standing water
Threats & Danger
Anopheles freeborni mosquitoes are potential vectors of malaria, although transmission in the U.S. is minimal. Their bites cause itching, redness, and irritation, and they can reproduce rapidly in water sources, leading to large infestations.
Prevention
- Drain or treat standing water to prevent breeding
- Use mosquito repellents containing DEET, picaridin, or IR3535
- Install and maintain window and door screens
- Wear long sleeves and pants when in mosquito-prone areas
- Introduce natural predators such as mosquito-eating fish in ponds
Signs of Infestation
- Increased mosquito activity, especially during evening and night
- Presence of mosquito larvae in stagnant water
- Bites that cause red, itchy welts, often on exposed skin
- Mosquitoes resting on walls, ceilings, or vegetation
- Reports of mosquito-borne illnesses in the area
How to Get Rid of It
- Eliminate standing water in and around the property
- Apply larvicides to water sources to prevent mosquito development
- Use insecticides or natural repellents in high-activity zones
- Install outdoor mosquito traps or fans to reduce numbers
- Seek professional pest control services for severe infestations