Identification
Stable flies are medium-sized biting flies, measuring about 1/4 inch in length. They have grayish bodies with four dark longitudinal stripes on their thorax. Their distinguishing feature is a long, needle-like proboscis used for blood-feeding. Their wings are clear, and their legs are dark and slender.
Lifecycle & Reproduction
Stable flies undergo complete metamorphosis, progressing through egg, larva, pupa, and adult stages. Females lay eggs in moist, decaying organic matter such as manure, hay, and grass clippings. Eggs hatch within a few days, and larvae develop in 1 to 3 weeks before pupating. Adults emerge in about 10 days and can live up to a month, feeding multiple times a day.
Habits, Diet & Behavior
Unlike house flies, stable flies feed on the blood of livestock, pets, and humans. They are aggressive feeders, often biting the legs and undersides of animals. They are most active during the day and are commonly found near barns, stables, and pastures.
Where You’ll Find Them / Typical Locations
Stable flies are commonly found in:
- Livestock barns and stables
- Manure piles and compost heaps
- Pastures and grassy areas
- Near ponds and damp environments
- Around homes, particularly near outdoor seating areas
Threats & Danger
Stable flies cause painful bites that can lead to irritation, reduced livestock productivity, and secondary infections. They can also transmit diseases such as equine infectious anemia. Their persistent biting behavior makes them a nuisance to both animals and humans.
Prevention
- Remove decaying organic material, such as manure and rotting vegetation
- Maintain proper drainage to eliminate moist breeding sites
- Use fly traps and sticky ribbons to reduce adult populations
- Install screens and fans in barns and stables to deter flies
- Treat animals with insect repellents and protective coverings
Signs of Infestation
- Presence of biting flies around livestock and humans
- Animals exhibiting restlessness and increased tail flicking
- Small, painful welts or scabs on the legs and undersides of animals
- Large numbers of flies around manure piles and damp areas
- Fly activity near homes, particularly around outdoor spaces
How to Get Rid of It
- Remove breeding sites by regularly cleaning up manure and waste
- Use insecticidal sprays or baits to target adult flies
- Implement biological control methods, such as parasitic wasps
- Set up mechanical barriers like fly screens and fans
- Consult pest control professionals for severe infestations