Identification
The American cockroach is reddish-brown with a yellowish figure-eight pattern on the back of its head. Adults can grow up to 1.5 to 2 inches in length, making them the largest common cockroach species. They have long antennae, six legs, and an oval-shaped body. Unlike some other cockroach species, American cockroaches are strong fliers, especially in warm temperatures.
Lifecycle & Reproduction
American cockroaches undergo incomplete metamorphosis, progressing through three stages: egg, nymph, and adult. Females produce egg cases (oothecae) containing 14–16 eggs, which hatch in about 6 to 8 weeks. Nymphs develop into adults within 6 to 12 months, depending on environmental conditions. Adults can live up to a year or more, reproducing at a high rate.
Habits, Diet & Behavior
American cockroaches are nocturnal and prefer warm, damp environments. They are omnivorous scavengers, feeding on decaying organic matter, starches, meats, and even paper products. When disturbed, they can move quickly and may take flight.
Where You’ll Find Them / Typical Locations
This species thrives in dark, humid areas and is commonly found in:
- Basements and crawl spaces
- Sewers and drain pipes
- Commercial kitchens and food storage areas
- Bathrooms and laundry rooms
- Around garbage disposal areas
Threats & Danger
American cockroaches can spread bacteria and pathogens, including Salmonella and E. coli, contaminating food and surfaces. Their feces and shed skins may trigger allergies and asthma symptoms, particularly in sensitive individuals.
Prevention
- Seal cracks and openings around doors, windows, and pipes
- Keep food stored in sealed containers and clean up spills immediately
- Regularly empty trash bins and dispose of waste properly
- Reduce moisture levels by fixing leaks and improving ventilation
Signs of Infestation
- Sightings of large, reddish-brown cockroaches, especially at night
- Fecal droppings resembling small, dark specks or pellets
- Egg cases (oothecae) hidden in dark, protected areas
- A strong, musty odor in areas with high cockroach activity
How to Get Rid of It
- Use bait stations, gel baits, and residual insecticides to target roaches
- Apply insect growth regulators (IGRs) to prevent reproduction
- Sanitize infested areas to remove food and water sources
- Contact professional pest control for severe infestations