Identification
Dampwood termites are larger than other termite species, with workers measuring around 1/2 inch in length and swarmers reaching up to 1 inch. They have a light brown to reddish coloration, with dark brown or black reproductive termites. Soldiers have large mandibles and distinctively larger heads. Unlike subterranean termites, they do not have a worker caste, as nymphs perform labor tasks.
Lifecycle & Reproduction
Dampwood termites undergo incomplete metamorphosis, developing through egg, nymph, and adult stages. Queens lay small clusters of eggs, which hatch into nymphs. Nymphs grow into workers, soldiers, or reproductive swarmers. Colonies grow slowly, but they can persist for years, with swarmers emerging seasonally to establish new colonies.
Habits, Diet & Behavior
Dampwood termites primarily infest moist, decaying wood. Unlike subterranean termites, they do not build mud tubes, as they prefer wood with high moisture content. They create large, smooth galleries within wood, leaving behind minimal debris. They do not need contact with soil and rely on humid environments.
Where You’ll Find Them / Typical Locations
Dampwood termites infest areas with high moisture levels, commonly found in:
- Water-damaged wooden structures
- Fallen trees, logs, and stumps
- Wooden decks and fences exposed to rain
- Crawl spaces with poor ventilation
- Leaky plumbing areas and damp basements
Threats & Danger
Dampwood termites weaken wooden structures by feeding on moist timber. While they do not infest dry wood, their presence is often a sign of water damage or leaks, which can lead to structural deterioration over time.
Prevention
- Fix leaks and address water damage promptly
- Ensure proper drainage around structures
- Use treated or naturally resistant wood in construction
- Improve ventilation in crawl spaces and basements
- Keep firewood and lumber stored off the ground and away from buildings
Signs of Infestation
- Hollowed-out wood with smooth tunnels
- Piles of frass (termite droppings) near damaged areas
- Swarming reproductive termites near lights or windows
- Soft or crumbling wood in damp areas
- Presence of discarded wings after swarming events
How to Get Rid of It
- Eliminate moisture sources and repair leaks
- Remove and replace infested wood when possible
- Apply borate-based wood treatments to prevent further infestation
- Use localized or fumigation treatments for severe infestations
- Consult a professional pest control service for extensive damage