Identification
House flies are medium-sized insects, measuring about 1/4 inch in length. They have grayish-black bodies with four dark longitudinal stripes on their thorax. Their large, reddish-brown compound eyes provide a wide field of vision. House flies have short antennae, sponging mouthparts, and transparent wings.
Lifecycle & Reproduction
House flies undergo complete metamorphosis, progressing through egg, larva (maggot), pupa, and adult stages. Females lay up to 150 eggs at a time in moist, decaying organic matter. Eggs hatch within 24 hours, and larvae develop into pupae in about a week. Adult flies emerge within a few days, completing their lifecycle in as little as 7 to 10 days.
Habits, Diet & Behavior
House flies are scavengers that feed on a wide range of organic materials, including decaying food, garbage, and animal waste. They are highly active during the day and rest at night. They frequently land on surfaces, transferring bacteria through their legs and mouthparts.
Where You’ll Find Them / Typical Locations
House flies are commonly found in:
- Garbage bins and dumpsters
- Compost piles and manure
- Food preparation areas and kitchens
- Animal enclosures and farms
- Window sills and light fixtures
Threats & Danger
House flies are vectors of numerous diseases, including salmonella, dysentery, and E. coli infections. They spread pathogens by regurgitating food and defecating on surfaces. Their presence in food preparation areas can lead to contamination and health risks.
Prevention
- Keep garbage bins sealed and dispose of waste regularly
- Store food in airtight containers and clean spills immediately
- Install window and door screens to prevent fly entry
- Maintain proper sanitation in kitchens and food storage areas
- Use fans or fly deterrents to keep flies away from indoor spaces
Signs of Infestation
- Presence of adult flies in and around food sources
- Maggots in garbage, compost, or other organic waste
- Fly activity around lights and windows
- Small dark fecal spots on walls, countertops, or food surfaces
- Increased fly activity during warmer months
How to Get Rid of It
- Use fly traps, sticky ribbons, or ultraviolet light traps
- Apply residual insecticides in high-traffic areas
- Eliminate breeding sites by cleaning up decaying organic matter
- Introduce natural predators like parasitic wasps
- Contact professional pest control services for severe infestations